桂林-阳朔地区DEM地形特征与岩性相关性分析及分类研究     

陈霄燕  潘军  邢立新  蒋立军  孙也涵  仲伟敬  范博文 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(12):1867-1876

地形地貌是岩性解译的重要信息,地形因子作为描述DEM数字曲面几何特征的定量指标参数,可用来定量化表达不同岩性所在地区地形地貌特征。本文以桂林-阳朔地区为研究区,研究地形因子数学、地质意义,建立岩性与地形因子组合间的定量关联,进而实现岩石类型划分。本文基于ASTERGDEM提取坡度、起伏度等12个地形因子,在分析各个地形因子地质意义基础上,通过聚类分析及方差分析的多元统计分析方法,研究各岩性地形因子特性及其关联性,建立研究区岩性之间的定量差异;此外,利用因子分析方法研究岩性分类过程中的主导因素,确定适宜岩性分类方法以实现定量化岩性分类。实验结果表明：不同岩性、不同地形地貌的地形因子（组合）之间具有显著差异,基于因子分析得到的宏观地形复杂度指数（MTI）以及微观曲率指数（MCI）对岩石类型的分类精度达77.36%。研究表明,地形复杂度等地形因子可用于岩性分类,采用因子分析方法可获取反映地形地貌宏观、微观特征的定量指标,且岩性分类效果良好。  相似文献   

基于自然资源管理的新型基础测绘研究     

穆增光  刘慧慧 《北京测绘》2020,(2):151-154

新一轮的职能改革赋予自然资源部门新的职责,文章在分析了现有自然资源业务数据和基础测绘数据的基础上结合自然资源管理需求,提出了新型基础测绘的相关技术要求、应用方向和地理实体数据的技术路线,为新型基础测绘的开展提供了有益探索,为基础测绘服务自然资源管理提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

Land Resource Carrying Capacity in Xilin Gol Grassland Transects: A Perspective on Food Nutritional Demand     

YANG Wanni  ZHEN Lin  LUO Qi 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2019,10(6):614-620

Food safety is an important issue for the development of the national economy and society. Studying regional food supply and demand from the perspective of land resource carrying capacity can provide new references for regional resource sustainability. This study uses the data from farmer and herdsmen household questionnaires, statistical data, land use data, and other sources to construct a land resource carrying capacity (LCC) assessment framework, targeting the food supply and demand of residents in representative areas, specifically the typical grassland pastoral areas, sandy pastoral areas and agro-pastoral areas on the Xilin Gol grassland transects. The three food nutritional indicators of calories, protein and fat were selected for analyzing the balance of land resource carrying capacity. We found that: 1) Along the Xilin Gol grassland, the main local food supply showed a shift from meat and milk to grains, vegetables and fruits. 2) From north to south along the grassland transects, the calorie intake increased gradually, while the intake of protein and fat was highest in pastoral areas and lowest in agricultural areas. 3) The overall land resource carrying capacity of the Xilin Gol grassland transects was in a surplus state, but the land carrying capacity of typical grassland pastoral area was higher than the two other types of areas. This study provides an empirical reference for the sustainable development of regional food nutrition.  相似文献   

Study of the flood control scheduling scheme for the Three Gorges Reservoir in a catastrophic flood          下载免费PDF全文

Shanghong Zhang  Zhu Jing  Wenda Li  Yujun Yi  Yong Zhao 《水文研究》2018,32(11):1625-1634

The Three Gorges Project is the world's largest water conservancy project. According to the design standards for the 1,000‐year flood, flood diversion areas in the Jingjiang reach of the Yangtze River must be utilized to ensure the safety of the Jingjiang area and the city of Wuhan. However, once these areas are used, the economic and life loss in these areas may be very great. Therefore, it is vital to reduce this loss by developing a scheme that reduces the use of the flood diversion areas through flood regulation by the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), under the premise of ensuring the safety of the Three Gorges Dam. For a 1,000‐year flood on the basis of a highly destructive flood in 1954, this paper evaluates scheduling schemes in which flood diversion areas are or are not used. The schemes are simulated based on 2.5‐m resolution reservoir topography and an optimized model of dynamic capacity flood regulation. The simulation results show the following. (a) In accord with the normal flood‐control regulation discharge, the maximum water level above the dam should be not more than 175 m, which ensures the safety of the dam and reservoir area. However, it is necessary to utilize the flood diversion areas within the Jingjiang area, and flood discharge can reach 2.81 billion m³. (b) In the case of relying on the TGR to impound floodwaters independently rather than using the flood diversion areas, the maximum water level above the dam reaches 177.35 m, which is less than the flood check level of 180.4 m to ensure the safety of the Three Gorges Dam. The average increase of the TGR water level in the Chongqing area is not more than 0.11 m, which indicates no significant effect on the upstream reservoir area. Comparing the various scheduling schemes, when the flood diversion areas are not used, it is believed that the TGR can execute safe flood control for a 1,000‐year flood, thereby greatly reducing flood damage.  相似文献   

自然资源一体化政务服务系统及数据融合建设——以南京为例     

陈波  崔蓓  丁鑫 《测绘通报》2020,(12):75-78

自然资源部制定的信息化建设总体方案中，要求构建“互联网+自然资源政务服务”应用体系，实现“服务事项标准统一、整体联动、业务协同，自然资源政务服务和共享开放能力全面提高”。一体化政务服务系统作为政务服务应用体系的重点建设内容，也是落实自然资源管理“两统一”职责的重要支撑，如何整合各类数据资源、发挥系统作用，成为亟待研究的问题。本文在分析自然资源业务管理需求后，提出了一体化政务服务系统及数据融合的建设思路。  相似文献   

Bearing capacity of offshore umbrella suction anchor foundation in silty soil under varying loading modes     

Qi Yang  Guanglai Pan  Quandi Wang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(7):781-794

Considering the current disadvantages of present offshore wind turbine foundations, a novel anchor foundation with skirt and branches is proposed, called offshore umbrella suction anchor foundation (USAF). A series of experiments and numerical simulations were performed to explore the bearing capacity of the USAF under various kinds of loading modes. The bearing characteristics and the anchor–soil interactions are described in detail for horizontal static loading, horizontal cyclic loading, and an antidrawing (pullout) test in silty soil. In the static loading test, the load–deflection of the anchor under step loading was analyzed and the normalized curve of the load–deflection was obtained to determine the ultimate horizontal bearing capacity of the anchor under normal working conditions. Under horizontal cyclic loading, the relationship between the plastic cumulative deformation and cyclic number was determined. In addition, the responses of USAF were investigated for a low wave frequency and storm surges. In the drawing test, it was found that a “segmentation phenomenon” occurred during the test. Moreover, a method to identify the maximum antidrawing load of USAF was provided based on dynamic mechanics. The numerical results show that the use of anchor branches and skirt can enhance the bearing performance of USAF to a certain degree. However, the anchor branch has a slight positive influence on the bearing performance improvement. The USAF is not only similar to a stiff short pile, but a rotation occurs. The failure envelope under composite loading (V-M) was obtained and the changes associated with changes in the aspect ratio of the internal compartment were clarified.  相似文献   

自然资源全要素自适应野外调查框架设计     

刘立  刘娟  陈宏宇  李维庆 《测绘通报》2020,(1):107

针对自然资源全要素调查工作中分类标准不同、调查口径不同、调查方法不同，造成的各部门调查软件平台重复开发建设和调查数据结果地理信息特征表达不清晰等问题，本文结合自然资源全要素野外调查工作的实际需要，以山水林田湖草生命共同体为统一对象，构建了自然资源语义化特征模型，提出了表征不同自然资源类型的自适应野外调查方法，实现了灵活性高、性能优异的自然资源调查技术平台，形成了统一的自然资源全要素野外调查框架，可以有效提升多门类自然资源基础调查、专业调查、动态调查的能力与水平，为自然资源治理能力现代化提供了可靠技术保障。  相似文献   

基于熵权TOPSIS模型的海岛地区资源环境承载力研究——以舟山普陀区、定海区为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐文斌  郭灿文  王晶  程义远  徐鹏杰  张宏晔 《海洋通报》2018,(1):9-16

随着海洋强国、"一带一路"、生态文明建设等国家战略的不断推进,海岛在国家政治、军事、经济、社会、生态中的地位不断提高,海岛开发、利用的规模越来越大,其生态保护也面临着新的挑战。本文依据资源环境承载力内涵,兼顾海岛资源环境特点,研究形成海岛地区资源环境承载力评价指标体系,综合应用熵权法、TOPSIS(逼近理想解排序方法)模型评价了典型海岛地区——普陀区与定海区2009-2015年间的资源环境承载力状况,结果表明:普陀和定海资源环境承载力水平呈稳步提升趋势,各个时期的环境保护政策和节能减排相关措施在环境保护与污染治理等方面起到了较为积极的作用。最后,在基于生态系统的海岛综合管理框架内提出了对策建议。  相似文献   

基于SPEI的渭河流域干旱时空变化特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

邹磊  余江游  夏军  王飞宇 《干旱区地理》2020,43(2):329-338

以标准化降水蒸散指数（SPEI）作为评估指标，基于渭河流域28个气象站点1961—2017年实测降水量和气温数据，采用Mann-Kendall（M-K）趋势检验、经验正交函数以及小波变换等方法分析渭河流域干旱时空变化特征，并研究渭河流域干旱与6种大尺度气候因子之间的相关关系，进一步探讨主要气候因子对流域干旱时空分布特征的潜在影响。研究表明：渭河流域在1961—2017年间整体呈现出变旱的趋势。通过经验正交函数分解，渭河流域干旱分布场主要有3种典型模态类型，分别为全局型、西北—东南反向分布型以及东—西反向分布型；同时，大尺度气候因子南方涛动指数SOI与流域干旱分布场具有更好的相关关系，对该区域内干旱变化有较强的影响。  相似文献   

Post-earthquake economic resilience and recovery efficiency in the border areas of the Tibetan Plateau: A case study of areas affected by the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 Earthquake in Sichuan,China in 2008     

Zhou  Kan  Liu  Baoyin  Fan  Jie 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(8):1363-1381

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The border areas of the Tibetan Plateau and the neighboring mountainous areas have a high incidence of earthquakes with a magnitude greater than Ms 5.0, as well...  相似文献